Zona ilmu 8

Communication is a daily activity either at home or at the office with colleagues. At the time of the communication process, sometimes we become speakers and sometimes we are listeners. Activity as a listener who listens to the message in the communication looks so easy, but not everyone can be a good listener. In communication with others, it won’t feel warm and meaningful if it is not done properly; becoming a good speaker and a good listener. Tips to be a good listener in the communication include: 1. Listen by concentration It means listening to the talks with full concentration, not just silent, not think about other things beyond the conversation. 2. Listen attentively It means paying attention seriously to the speaker’s words, such as by the eye expression to the speaker. 3. Listen with pleasure It means that in communication we remain to do with pleasure although whether the communication interests us or not, this feeling will usually be reflected in smile along communication,...

Separately, socialization process consists of two syllables, process and socialization.  The definition of process is stages in an event in the formation, while Socialization is the process of child’s attitude or behavior forming in accordance with the behavior or norms in a group or family. Thus, socialization process is stages in the formation of child’s attitude or behavior in accordance with the behavior or norms in a group or family. The definition of socialization process according to some experts: 1. According to Krathwohl (1981) Socialization process is a process that exploits someone to be sensitive to society stimulation and adapt and behave like others in the group society or culture. 2. Laurence (1988) It is the process of education or pembinaan of someone who has not experienced in a culture of learning and tries to master the culture as behavior aspects. 3. Guire (1974) It is the process of presenting the individual behavior possibilities with positive or negative s...

Structure and Function of Plant Root Anatomically, root of plant is composed of 3 layers or tissue systems; epidermis, cortex and central cylinder (stele). 1. Epidermis Root epidermal cells are flattened and thin-walled, generally one layer. In the area near to the root tip, the epidermal cells are modified into root hairs. Cuticle layer of the root hair is very thin, because the function is as water absorbent. 2. Cortex It is the area between epidermis and central cylinder. Cortex is mainly composed of parenchyma cells structured circular. In monocot plants, usually there is sclerenchyma. In some aquatic plants, the parenchyma cells have air space, this parenchyma is called aerenkima. The cortex location in root is outer than in stem.  a. Exodermis The outermost layer of cortex that is directly adjacent to epidermis can be a hypodermic that the cell wall contains sumemberikann or lignin, called exodermis. b. Endodermis The innermost layer of the root cortex develops into endodermi...

The definition of health law is all legal provisions that are directly related to health care and the application. It concerns to the rights and obligations of individuals and all levels of society as the recipients of the health care or health care providers in all aspects, organization, means, sesuai ketentuand guidelines for medical services, health sciences and law and other legal sources. Medical law is part of health law, concerning to medical care / service. At present, it can be agreed upon scope of the legal regulations for health services according to medical science including aspects in the field of criminal, civil law, administrative law, even the aspects of constitutional law. Skill education requirements, performing profession, procedure in opening medical practice, and various restrictions and supervision of medical profession are included in administrative law section. Rights and obligations arising from the relationship of health services, the agreement between doctor...

Doping is provision / use by competitors, such as material that is foreign to the organism through any way or physiological material in aneh amounts or given through an aneh way in order to improve achievement. (International Congress of Sport Sciences; Olympiade Tokyo 1964). Image : labtestsblog.com There are several reasons why an athlete uses doping: 1. Psychosocial Aspect Every individual has potential in doing offense, moreover, when the environment provides an opportunity for the offense. 2. Personality Individual who has negative or low self-concept and self-esteem, in the face of competitive situation, he has a tendency to seek personal gain by the use of unfair ways, one of them is doping usage. 3. Individual Social Environment   a. Victory Social value  In each competition, victory, achievement, or medal sometimes become the only dreams of every individual or group without considering the other things that allow athletes to justify any way, including doping. b. Comm...

An entrepreneur must have a thorough plan of planning in order to avoid a failure to execute new business. The plan includes: What business is owned, Starting your own or buying an existing company, Knowing what and where the market for the product or the service. Starting is not easy because of many challenges that must be faced. Note Tips for Starting a New Business below.  To be successful at the beginning according to Harper (1991), it requires: 1. Very solid business opportunities. 2. Skills and abilities in the field that will be practiced. 3. The correct approach in running the business. 4. Sufficient funds to start and operate a business, so that can stand alone. In starting a new business, we have to study the market situation and industry situation that will be entered. The market situation may have been met by other competitors, so that not easy to get into, maybe also the target market has been saturated. Production and marketing orientation kurun likely soon pass into ...

Small Business is a pillar of the economy of a country. For example, in United State, more than 80% of the business is small business. John Naisbitt in his lecture on global entrepreneur lembaga 95 in Singapore stated that there is a tendency towards 2000. The tendency includes shifting world activities and great players or conglomerates to the direction of small players that use a business in small and medium scale. He also mentioned that the small players will be major players in the great economy. Definition of business is all activities that seek profits by obtaining the necessities of goods and services to others (Nickels, McHugh, and McHugh, 1996). The definition of small business is a business owned independently and the activities are not dominant and meet certain bakuds (Luthans and Hodgetts, 1989). Types of small business are as follows: 1. Services Business  2. Retail Business  3. Wholesale Business  4. Manufacturing Business  5. Agricultural Business...

Inflammation is a complex reaction that begins to occur in the blood vessels in response to injury or wound, followed by accumulation of fluid and leukocytes in extravascular tissues. Inflammatory response takes place together with repair process. Image : en.wikipedia.org The purpose of inflammation is ruining, dissolving, or limiting the cause of injuries, and this process can in turn be transformed into a series of processes in order to repair the damaged tissue and healing. Repair is begun in the early phase of inflammation and finished when the injury effects are successfully neutralized. During the repair process, the injured tissue, parenchymal cell regeneration and filling the damaged areas by fibroblastic tissue occur. Inflammation is a protective process to clean or remove the cause of injury (such as toxins or microbes) and the damage (such as cells or necrotic tissue). Without inflammation, infection can occur without control, the wound would not heal, and injured organ wi...

Sudah usang aku tinggal di Semarang, tapi belum pernah tiba ke Tempat Wisata Goa Kreo . Karena yang dibenakku daerah yang dikenal dengan fauna keranya itu pastilah tidak menarik. Hari ini kebetulan diajak temen kantor untuk tiba ke daerah wisata yang terletak di Gunung Pati Semarang tersebut....eeee ternyata tempatnya ciamik. Letak goa di perbukitan, di kelilingi waduk Jati Barang, di tambah banyaknya fauna simpanse yang berkeliaran menciptakan daerah ini cukup menawan. Namun bukan goa, bukan kera, dan bukan pula waduknya yang menciptakan daerah wisata ini begitu Istimewa dan indah dimata saya. Yang menciptakan Istimewa bagi aku yaitu tanaman liarnya disekitar goa. Di sekitar goa itu tumbuh aneka macam pohon serut, mulai dari yang kecil sampe yang besar tumbuh bertebaran dimana-mana. Pohon serut yaitu salah satu tanaman hias mahal yang banyak dipakai untuk taman maupun untuk bonsai. Saya jadi berpikir andai saja pohon-pohon serut tersebut tidak berada disitu pastinya ...

How important the role of mouth for us, it can give pleasure and be a source of unpleasant. Have you ever felt pain of toothache? Dental and mouth diseases still become duduk perkara because of high prevalence of dental disease. Both in developed and developing countries, dental disease is many still suffered.   Actions required: 1. Maintaining oral hygiene 2. Tooth filling 3. Tooth revocation 4. Making denture We can maintain dental hygiene by brushing teeth. Why brushing teeth? 1. To maintain oral health 2. Breathing becomes fresh 3. Brushing removes leftovers required for the formation of plaque on the tooth surface. Plaque is a thin layer, sticky leftovers, attaching to the tooth surface, containing bacteria, the main cause of tooth decay and gum disease, growing 20 minutes after eating. Wrong way in brushing may result in tooth abrasion. How to brush your teeth: 1. Move the toothbrush with a soft movement and rotation. 2. Brush the outside and inside surfaces of teeth, each up...

Approaches in Dental Health Education are divided into four (4): 1. Persuasively Approach  The goal of this approach is making sustainable behavior change within the educational sebuah incarans, although the process takes relatively longer time. In this approach, it can be done by giving positive remuneration for the educational sebuah incaran that the behavior has changed as we want, by giving gifts, praise, and certain incentives. 2. Pervasively approach This approach provides real examples and repetition of every event that needs to be learned or imitated by educational sebuah incaran. Here, there is imitation process that is changes in behavior caused by the repetition of events or actions. This educational approach is suitable for educational sebuah incarans with low educational level or toddlers. 3. Compulsively Approach   Indirect approach to the educational sebuah incarans we mean. 4. Coercively approach  Approach by means of coercion, instructive or by threats or...

Definition of wound is partially lost or damaged body tissue. Causes of Wound: trauma of sharp or blunt objects, temperature changes, chemicals, explosion, electric shock, or animal bites. Wound Forms: cuts, puncture wounds, lacerations, abrasions, burns and others. Wound Healing phases are as follows: 1. Inflammation Phase It occurs since the injury until about the fifth day. Severed blood vessels in the wound will cause bleeding, and the body tries to stop it with vasoconstriction, shrinkage in broke up vessel edges (retraction), and hemostasis reaction. Hemostasis occurs because platelets out of the blood vessels attach to each other, and together form fibrin net, freeze the blood from the blood vessels. Adjacent platelets will granulate, release chemoattractant pulling inflammatory cells, and activate local fibroblasts and endothelial cells as well as a vasoconstrictor. Meanwhile, the inflammatory reaction happens. After hemostasis, coagulation process will activate complement c...

Flipo (1984) theorized that motivation is a direction of employees in an organization to cooperate in achieving wishes of the employees in order to achieve organizational success. According to Terry G (1986), motivation is a desire contained in an individual encouraging him to perform action (behavior). In a person, there is a need or desire (wants) of situation outside the object, then how one connects between the needs and the situation outside the object in order to meet the needs intended. Therefore, motivation is a reason (reasoning) of a person to act in order to meet the needs. In general, the goal of motivation is to move or inspire someone in arising the desire and willingness to do something so as to obtain results or achieve certain goals. The success of an institution or organization is determined by two main factors; human resources, employee or labor, supporting facilities and infrastructure or work facility. Human resource or employee is more important than supporting ...

Forms of Dental Topical Anesthetic: 1. Spray Form It contains certain local anesthetic agents that may be used for this purpose because of the action goes pretty fast. The active ingredient contained in the solution is 10% lignocaine hydrochloride in water base released in small amounts of aerosol container. The addition of a variety of fruit flavors is intended to make the preparation more tolerated by children, but it can actually cause problems due to stimulation of excessive salivation. When anesthesia is done by using spray, the solution can generally be easier distributed and the effect will be more extensive than we want. Anesthetic onset time is 1 minute and the duration is 10 minutes. 2. Ointment It contains 5% lignocaine hydrochloride that can also be used for the same purpose, but it takes 3-4 minutes to give the effect of anesthesia. Some pharmaceutical industries even include hyaluronidase enzyme in their products in hopes of helping the penetration of local anesthetic ag...

Lesion is a term that indicates the state of aneh body tissues. It can occur due to disease process either caused by infection, metabolic problems, autoimmune, or trauma (physical, electrical, chemical). Oral mucosal lesion: It is a lesion contained and on the body tissues of oral cavity. The terms used to describe the oral mucosal lesion are: 1. Erosion: the loss of partial surface of epithelium without opening the deeper layers or the connective tissue underneath. 2. Ulcer: The loss of the entire thickness of epithelium and the opening of the tissue underneath. 3. Vesicle: accumulation of clear bounded fluid, having a large diameter, which is more than 5 mm. It can be intraepithelial and singular or plural. 4. Bulla: accumulation of clear bounded fluid, having a diameter of 5 mm. It maybe intraepithelial or sub epithelial and singular or plural 5. Papule: narrow elevated area; clear bounded (the term is more often used to describe cutaneous abnormality of the mucosa lesions) 6. Macu...

Shock is a syndrome of perfusion and cell oxygenation disruptions thoroughly so that tissue metabolic needs are not met. With the disruption of oxygenation results in impaired function of cells or tissues or organs, such as disturbances of consciousness, respiratory function, digestive system, urinary and circulatory system itself. In response to the decrease in oxygen supply, energy metabolism of cells will turn into anaerobic metabolism. This situation can only be tolerated for a while, and if it continues, the damage of vital organ tissue happens that can lead to death. Shock is not a disease and not always accompanied by the failure of tissue perfusion. Shock can occur at any time to anyone. The handling is based on early right diagnosis. Pathophysiology of shock General: Hypoperfusion in shock leads to the disruption of oxygen supply to cells, resulting in impaired cell metabolism and consequently the formation of ATP is reduced. Hypoperfusion also triggers reflex of sympathetic ...

Sehat yakni kondisi badan yang bebas dari sakit, bebas dari kehilangan nalar s sehingga bisa menjalankan acara dengan optimal dan bisa berpikir dengan baik. Kesehatan badan sangat menunjang gerak acara yang kita jalankan, tanpa kesehatan fisik yang baik maka acara sehari-hari kita akan terganggu. Kesehatan fisik saja tidaklah tepat bila tidak didukung oleh kesehatan pikiran atau mental kita, alasannya yakni fungsi badan akan menurun apabila kesehatan pikiran kita terganggu. Akibat terganggunya kesehatan antara lain yakni menurunnya kinerja tubuh. Dalam kondisi menyerupai ini maka akan sangat mengganggu pekerjaan sehari-hari yang kita jalani. Apabila situasi atau kondisi ini berlangsung usang maka akan berbahaya bagi kita, contohnya kita tidak lagi bisa untuk bekerja. Kesehatan fisik dan mental itu sangat penting, namun banyak orang yang mengabaikannya. Banyak orang yang tidak menyadari bila badan mempunyai keterbatasan dalam fungsinya.  Jika kita ingin mendapat kualitas ...

Breath odor or bad breath (halitosis) is a term used to describe a bad odor coming out of the mouth while exhaling, both when speaking and breathing. The emergence of odor is caused by several things, but the most is perkara with the bad digestive organs and oral health conditions. Causes of bad breath (halitosis): 1. Low Dental health and Oral Health Leftovers and tartar which are not cleaned regularly will accumulate on tooth surface and the tartar gets into the gums, then can decompose and cause bad breath. 2. Gum disease Gingivitis, Periodontitis 3. Bacteria If the teeth are not cleaned regularly, the bacteria will accumulate in the mouth and wedged between the teeth. The compound of these bacteria makes bad breath. Oral bacteria found between the teeth, cavities, and tongue surface or tonsils (tonsillitis), if they are left too long without cleaning, it will emit bad smell gas that affects the odor released by mouth. 4. Tonsil A hole on the inside of tonsil (tonsillitis) called c...

Pengertian Perilaku Kesehatan  (Notoatmodjo, 2005) yakni respons seseorang terhadap stimulus atau objek yang berkaitan dengan sehat-sakit, penyakit, dan faktor-faktor yang menghipnotis kesehatan, contohnya lingkungan, makanan, minuman dan pelayanan kesehatan. Atau dengan kata lain, sikap kesehatan yakni tiruana acara seseorang, baik yang sanggup diamati (observable) maupun yang tidak sanggup diamati (unobservable). Perilaku Kesehatan dikelompokkan menjadi 2 yaitu : 1. Perilaku orang yang sehat semoga tetap sehat dan meningkat Perilaku ini disebut sikap sehat, yang meliputi perilaku-perilaku (overt dan covert behavior) dalam mencegah atau menghindar dari penyakit dan penyebab penyakit. Contoh : Makan dengan gizi yang seimbang, olahraga teratur, tidak merokok, tidak minum minuman keras, menghindari gigitan nyamuk, menyikat gigi sebelum tidur dan sehabis makan, mencuci tangan dengan sabun sebelum makan, dll. 2. Perilaku orang yang sakit  Perilaku ini disebut he...

Flipo (1984) theorized that motivation is a direction of employees in an organization to cooperate in achieving wishes of the employees in order to achieve organizational success. According to Terry G (1986), motivation is a desire contained in an individual encouraging him to perform action (behavior). In a person, there is a need or desire (wants) of situation outside the object, then how one connects between the needs and the situation outside the object in order to meet the needs intended. Therefore, motivation is a reason (reasoning) of a person to act in order to meet the needs. In general, the goal of motivation is to move or inspire someone in arising the desire and willingness to do something so as to obtain results or achieve certain goals. The success of an institution or organization is determined by two main factors; human resources, employee or labor, supporting facilities and infrastructure or work facility. Human resource or employee is more important than supporting in...

Ada beberapa cara untuk mengukur motivasi berdasarkan Notoatmodjo (2005) yaitu : 1. Tes Proyektif Salah satu teknik proyektif yang banyak dikenal yakni Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). Dalam tes ini klien didiberikan gambar dan klien diminta untuk menciptakan kisah dari gambar tersebut. Dalam teori Mc Leland dijelaskan, bahwa insan mempunyai 3 kebutuhan yaitu kebutuhan untuk berprestasi (n-ach), kebutuhan untuk power (n-power), kebutuhan untuk berhubungan (n-aff). Dari isi kisah tersebut kita sanggup menelaah motivasi yang mendasari diri klien berdasarkan konsep kebutuhan tersebut. 2. Kuesioner Caranya yakni dengan meminta klien untuk mengisi kuesioner yang diberisi pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang sanggup memancing motivasi klien. Contohnya yakni EPPS (Edward's Personal Preference Schedule). Kuesioner ini terdiri dari 210 nomer dimana pada masing-masing nomer terdiri dari 2 pertanyaan. Klien diminta untuk menentukan salah satu dari kedua pertanyaan tersebut yang ludang ...

An attitude is not automatically realized in an action. For the realization of attitude to become a real act, it is required supporting factor or possible condition, such as facilities. For example, a positive attitude of a mother towards the immunization should receive confirmation of her husband, and there is an immunization facility easily reached in order to make the mother immunizing the child. Besides facility factor, it also needed supporting factor (support) from other parties, such as the parents of wife or husband that are very important to support. Factors that influence attitudes: 1. Personal experience To be able to be the basis of attitude formation, personal experience should make strong impression. Therefore, the attitude will be more easily formed if the personal experience occurs in situation involving emotional factors. 2. Influence of others that are considered important In general, people tend to have a conformist attitude or be unidirectional of the others attitu...

Definition of State According to some Experts According to Prof. Sumantri , state is an organization of power. Therefore, in every country, it is always encountered organ or tools that have the ability to impose the will to anyone residing in the territory. According to John Locke and Rousseau , state is an agency or organization as the result of public agreement. According to Max Weber , state is a community that has monopoly on the use of physical force legitimately in certain area. According to Mac Iver , a state should have three main elements; territory, people, and government. According to Roger F.Soleau, state is a tool or authority to control and regulate issues that are shared in the name of community. According to Prof. Mr. Soenarko , State is a community organization that has certain area where state authority applies absolutely as sovereignty. Prof. Miriam Budiardjo provided the definition of State that is the organization in an area that can legitimately impose the autho...

State functions are as follows: 1. Defense and Security State shall protect the state elements (people, territory, and government) from all threats, obstacles, and interference, and other challenges that come from internal or external. 2. Justice State must be fair in law without any discrimination or particular interests. For example: A person who performs a criminal must be punished regardless of position and title. 3. Regulation and Justice State takes all legislation to implement the policy with solid foundation to form the order of society, nation and state  4. Welfare and Prosperity State can explore the natural resources owned to improve people's life to be more prosperous and wealthy. Natures of State 1. Coercive State can impose the will by law or rule. State has power to force so that people are submissive and obedient to the state without no physical coercion. The state right is legal in order to create an orderly society and no anarchy. Physical coercion can be made to ...

State can be seen as an association of human living and cooperating to pursue some common goals. It can be said that the ultimate goal of every state is creating the happiness of the people, Budiharjo Miriam (2010). Forms of State Here are some state forms in the world: 1. Unitary 2. Federation 3. Confederation 4. Union, it is divided into 2; Real Union and Personnel Union  5. Dominion 6. Colony 7. Protectorate 8. Mandate 9. Trust The origin of a State Based on the fact, a state occurs due to some causes: 1. Occupation - It is an area occupied by a group of people 2. Separation - It is an area that aslily is a territory of specific area then escaping. 3. Merger, It is some countries that merge into one 4. Splitting, it is the disappearance of a country and the emergence of new state Based on the theory, a state occurs because: 1. Godhead Theory, a state occurs because of the will of God 2. Theory of community agreements, a state occurs because of the agreement of the individuals (s...

There are four theories that explain about kinds of sovereignty; Theory of God Sovereignty (Theocracy), Theory of People Sovereignty (Democracy), Theory of State Sovereignty, Theory of Law Sovereignty. 1. Theory of God Sovereignty (Theocracy) It comes from God sovereignty given to a king or ruler. Because of king or ruler is God's representative, the power is absolute. Ruler can set rules in any form that must be obeyed by people. Moreover, a ruler has authority to determine the entire life of people, as if he is God. In practice, this form of sovereignty is many done by the royal government in earlier times. 2. Theory of People Sovereignty (Democracy) It is a theory which teaches the highest power in the hands of people. People give the power to the authority to run the government through an agreement called social contract. In return, the authority recognizes and protects the rights of people and runs the government by the people's mandate as well as possible. This sovereignt...

Definition and Characteristics of Constitutional State Many experts have explained about the definition of constitutional state, the followings are the definitions of constitutional state according to some experts : 1. According to Wirjono Prodjodikoro - All equipment of state, especially equipment of government in the action both to the citizens and the state are interconnected respectively, should not be arbitrary, but must pay attention to the applicable regulations. - All persons (residents) in public relation should obey to the applicable regulations. 2. According to Aristoteles It is a state that stands above the law that guarantees justice to the citizens. 3. According to Hugo Krabbe State should be constitutional state (rechtsstaat) and each state action must be based on law or should be accountable to the law. 4. According to F.R. Bothlingk A state which the freedom of power holder will is restricted by law. Characteristics of constitutional state, among others: 1. According t...

Jenis Teh cukup banyak diantara ialah Teh Putih (white tea) dan Teh Hijau, memberikankut ini secara singkat klarifikasi perihal kedua jenis teh ini berdasarkan Rossi (2010). 1) Teh Putih (white tea)  Gambar : ru.zemmrate.com White tea atau disebut sebagai Tea of Royals, merupakan teh yang paling lembut dan paling sedikit diproses. Rasa teh putih ini ringan (mild) dan memiliki kadar anggun yang natural. Teh ini dibuat dari daun teh muda yang tidak mengalami oksidasi. Produksi dari teh otentik ini hanya ada didaerah dengan geografis yang terbatas diprovinsi Fujian, Cina bab tenggara. Namun hingga tahun 1990-an, teh putih dikenalkan di dunia barat.  Teh putih memiliki kadar kafein paling rendah di antara jenis teh lainnya. Karakternya yang mendinginkan sekaligus menyegarkan disertai dengan elemen yang menguatkan hati dan juga sebagai antioksida mengakibatkan teh putih ini ludang kecepeh populer, terludang kecepeh denga adanya penemuan-penemuan gres akan keuntungannya ...

Setelah sebelumnya aku posting wacana jenis teh ( Teh Putih dan Teh Hijau ), jenis teh lainnya menurut cara pengolahannya yang akan aku tuliskan kali ini ialah wacana Teh Kuning dan Teh Oolong, diberikut penjelasannya. 1. Teh Kuning  Proses pembuatannya teh kuning (yellow tea) seakan-akan dengan teh hijau (green tea). Perbedaannya hanya terletak pada waktu pengeringan dimana pada teh kuning waktunya ludang keringh perlahan (slower drying phase). Gambar : www.cultural-china.com Ada yang menyebut teh kuning sebagai teh kuali. Tekniknya, pucuk daun teh tanpa digulung dan tidak dioksidasi,tapi dikeringkan secara perlahan agar kesudahannya warna kuning yang menarik. Negara RRC banyak menghasilkan teh jenis ini.  2. Teh Oolong  Champagne of teas ini seluruh daunnya mengalami semioksidasi sehingga memiliki keunggulan dalam menjaga nutrisi dan senyawa yang berguna untuk kesehatan. Teh ini tidak beraroma dedaunan mentah. Proses pembuatan Teh Oolong berada diantara t...

Berdasarkan cara pembuatannya, jenis teh dibagi menjadi 7 yaitu, Teh Putih, Teh Hijau , Teh Kuning, Teh Oolong , Teh Hitam, Teh Melati dan Ekstrak Teh atau Teh Instan.  1. Teh Hitam  Produksi teh dunia bekerjsama didominasi oleh teh hitam sebanyak 78%, sedangkan teh hijau sebanyak 20%, dan teh Oolong hanya 2%. Diantara tiga jenis teh lainnya, teh hitam mengalami oksidasi paling usang dan dikenal dengan warna merahnya yang anggun dengan rasa manis yang ringan. Teh hitam mengalami fermentasi (oksidasi) penuh. Gambar : www.organicfacts.net Proses pembuatan Teh Hitam:  a) Daun dan pucuk daun Camellia sinensis dipanen.  b) Daun dan pucuk daun dikebersihankan.  c) Daun dan pucuk daun dilayukan.  d) Daun dan pucuk daun dipotong dan di fermentasi.  e) Knorma dan tabiat daun-daun yang telah terpotong berubah warna dari hijau biru menjadi merah gelap atau hitam, mereka menaruhnya di wok kepanasan untuk menghentikannya proses fermentasi dan m...