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An entrepreneur must have a thorough plan of planning in order to avoid a failure to execute new business. The plan includes: What business is owned, Starting your own or buying an existing company, Knowing what and where the market for the product or the service. Starting is not easy because of many challenges that must be faced. Note Tips for Starting a New Business below.  To be successful at the beginning according to Harper (1991), it requires: 1. Very solid business opportunities. 2. Skills and abilities in the field that will be practiced. 3. The correct approach in running the business. 4. Sufficient funds to start and operate a business, so that can stand alone. In starting a new business, we have to study the market situation and industry situation that will be entered. The market situation may have been met by other competitors, so that not easy to get into, maybe also the target market has been saturated. Production and marketing orientation kurun likely soon pass into ...

Small Business is a pillar of the economy of a country. For example, in United State, more than 80% of the business is small business. John Naisbitt in his lecture on global entrepreneur lembaga 95 in Singapore stated that there is a tendency towards 2000. The tendency includes shifting world activities and great players or conglomerates to the direction of small players that use a business in small and medium scale. He also mentioned that the small players will be major players in the great economy. Definition of business is all activities that seek profits by obtaining the necessities of goods and services to others (Nickels, McHugh, and McHugh, 1996). The definition of small business is a business owned independently and the activities are not dominant and meet certain bakuds (Luthans and Hodgetts, 1989). Types of small business are as follows: 1. Services Business  2. Retail Business  3. Wholesale Business  4. Manufacturing Business  5. Agricultural Business...

Flipo (1984) theorized that motivation is a direction of employees in an organization to cooperate in achieving wishes of the employees in order to achieve organizational success. According to Terry G (1986), motivation is a desire contained in an individual encouraging him to perform action (behavior). In a person, there is a need or desire (wants) of situation outside the object, then how one connects between the needs and the situation outside the object in order to meet the needs intended. Therefore, motivation is a reason (reasoning) of a person to act in order to meet the needs. In general, the goal of motivation is to move or inspire someone in arising the desire and willingness to do something so as to obtain results or achieve certain goals. The success of an institution or organization is determined by two main factors; human resources, employee or labor, supporting facilities and infrastructure or work facility. Human resource or employee is more important than supporting ...

Flipo (1984) theorized that motivation is a direction of employees in an organization to cooperate in achieving wishes of the employees in order to achieve organizational success. According to Terry G (1986), motivation is a desire contained in an individual encouraging him to perform action (behavior). In a person, there is a need or desire (wants) of situation outside the object, then how one connects between the needs and the situation outside the object in order to meet the needs intended. Therefore, motivation is a reason (reasoning) of a person to act in order to meet the needs. In general, the goal of motivation is to move or inspire someone in arising the desire and willingness to do something so as to obtain results or achieve certain goals. The success of an institution or organization is determined by two main factors; human resources, employee or labor, supporting facilities and infrastructure or work facility. Human resource or employee is more important than supporting in...

Costumer Consideration Process  Before and after makingpurchase, a customer will perform a number of costumer consideration processes:  Problem recognition  Costumers will buy a product as a solution to the problems faced. Without perkara recognition, customers are not able to determine the products to be bought.  Information source  After understanding the problems that exist, costumers will be motivated to seek information to solve the existing problems through searching information. The searching process can be derived from the memory (internal) and based on the experience of others (external).  Alternative evaluation   After a costumer has a wide range of information, he will evaluate the alternatives existing to overcome the problems faced.  Purchase decision  After costumers evaluate several existing strategy alternatives, they will make a purchase decision. Sometimes the time taken to make purchasing decisions by...

Definition of Customer Behavior and How to Examine Customer Behavior  Costumer behavior is a person's processes and activities related to search, selection, purchase, use, and evaluation of products and services to meet the needs and desires. However, some people interpret costumer behavior as things underlying to make purchase decision, such as for something that has low selling price, then the decision process is done easily, while for things with high selling price, then the decision-making process will be done with careful consideration.  According to some experts are as follows:  a. Schiffman and Kanuk  Costumer behavior is process passed by someone in finding, buying, using, evaluating and acting post-consumption of products and services, as well as ideas that are expected to meet their needs.  b. Engel, Blackwell and Miniard  Costumer behavior is act of service products, including the decision processes preceding and following the act...

There are several ways to measure motivation: 1. Projective Test One of projective techniques widely known is Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). In this test, client is given a picture and the client is asked to make a story out of the picture. In theory of Mc Leland, it was explained that humans have three needs: need for achievement (n-ach), need for power (n-power), and need for affiliation (n-aff). From the content of the story, we can examine a client's underlying motivation based on the concept needs. 2. Questionnaire The trick is asking client to fill out a questionnaire containing questions that can provoke the client’s motivation. For example is EPPS (Edward's Personal Preference Schedule). This questionnaire consists of 210 numbers which each number consists of two questions. Client is asked to choose one of these two questions that is more representative of him. From filling the questionnaire, it will be known the motivation of the client. 3. Obser...

There are some functions of human resource management: 1. Planning  It is a conscious effort in making a decision that has been considered about what will be done in the future by a company to achieve the intended purpose. 2. Recruitment  Effective recruitment will provide an employment opportunity for people who have the ability and skills meeting the qualifications and specifications of the job. 3. Selection Selection of labor is the process of finding suitable and right employment of the candidates available. 4. Orientation, Training and Development All activities to provide, obtain, and improve and develop job competence, productivities, discipline, attitude and work ethos at certain skill and expertise levels in accordance with the level and qualification of the job and position. 5. Work Evaluation It is not less important than the other management functions. Evaluation Function of human resource management is useful so that the company no longer m...

Principles of Financial Management Financial Management in practice is an activity performed and appearing in order to make the finance of the company or organization ideal. Therefore, in making financial management system, we need the following principles as the basis: 1. Consistency In this principle, a system and financial policy must be consistent, not change from period to period, but keep in mind that the financial system does not mean that there is no adjustment if there is a significant change in the company. 2. Accountability This principle is a etika or legal obligation, which is inherent to the individual, group or company to give explanation of how the funds or authority given to a 3rd party used. 3. Transparency Management should be open to the work, provide information about the plan and all the activities concerned, including providing reasonable, complete, timely and accurate financial report which can be accessed easily by an interested party, if it ...

Functions of Financial Management a. Investment Decision Investment is defined as an investment of company in real and financial assets. Financial decision is a decision on what assets will be managed by the company. Investment decision will directly influence to the amount of investment profitability (return on investment) and treasury flow of the company in the future. b. Financing Decision Financing decision studies funding sources on the liabilities side. Therefore, it needs to be considered a source of funds that has most minimal costs and favorable conditions. Fulfillment of funds can be done through internal and external company resources. c. Dividend Decision This decision is made to determine: 1. The amount of profit percentage distributed to shareholders in the form of cash dividends 2. The dividend stability to be distributed 3. Stock dividend 4. Stock split 5. Withdrawal of stock outstanding. Here is a brief explanation of Financial Management F...

Purpose of Financial Management is to maximize the value of a company. Thus, if one day the company is sold, the price can be set as high as possible. A manager must also be able to suppress the flow of money circulation in order to avoid unwanted actions. Efficient financial management needs the existence of purposes and goals, which are used as sesuai ketentuand in assessing the efficiency of financial decisions. The company's goal is maximizing the welfare of the owner. The amount of stock owned shows the ownership evidence of a company. Shareholder wealth is shown by the market price of the company, which is also reflection of investment, financing and asset management decisions. The success of a business decision is judged by the impact on stock prices. Steps in Financial Management Management has three important steps; planning, implementation and research, the three steps when implemented financial management becomes financial planning, implementation and assessmen...

Definition of Financial Management has developed from the definition of management that only prioritize to the activity of obtaining funds until the activities of obtaining and using funds and management of assets. Financial Management (Finance Management) is the entire activity or activities of the company in the context of the use and allocation of company funds efficiently. According to George R. Terry, management includes four activities often known as POAC (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling) According to Bambang Riyanto: financial management is all company activities related to the procurement of funds required with minimal cost and most favorable conditions with efforts to use the funds as efficiently as possible. Concept of Financial Management To perform its functions, a company must perform the functions well, since in the implementation, each function relates each other. Financial management is the management of the financial functions. Meanwhile, the...